Saint Elijah’s Day: one of Bulgaria's most revered summer festivals

On 20 July (according to the Gregorian calendar), the Bulgarian Orthodox Church honours the Old Testament prophet Elijah, known in Bulgaria as Sveti Iliya. Celebrated as Ilinden, this day is one of the most venerated summer festivals in Bulgaria and is rich in both Christian and folk traditions.

According to popular legend, when God divided the forces of nature, he entrusted Saint Elijah with summer thunder and lightning. In order to protect the crops from destruction, Saint Elijah rides across the sky in a golden chariot, chasing a mythical dragon that feeds on the ripening wheat. The lightning that we see, according to old tales, comes from the fire that bursts from the nostrils and hooves of his celestial horses, or from the fiery arrows that he hurls at the dragon.

The Bulgarian people have long revered him not only as a biblical prophet, but also as a powerful figure capable of performing miracles in moments of anger or joy. Affectionate titles given to him include Thunderer, Breaker of Storms and Thunder-Feller, reflecting his dominion over the skies.

Saint Elijah is also honoured as the patron saint of leatherworkers, furriers, saddle-makers, roof-tile makers and firefighters, all of whom mark this day with special celebrations. Those who bear his name, such as Iliya, Iliyan, Iliyana, Ilinda, Ilka, Ilko, Ilcho, Lina and Linda, also celebrate the holiday.